Retinyl palmitate is a synthetic ester of retinol (vitamin A) and palmitic acid. It is used in fortified foods, supplements, and skincare products.
Nettle typically refers to Urtica dioica, a perennial plant known for its stinging hairs. The leaves and roots are used dried, powdered, or extracted in herbal products.
Fenugreek seed comes from the Trigonella foenum-graecum plant and is used in culinary and botanical preparations. The seeds are typically dried and ground or extracted for use.
Blackcurrant refers to the small, dark berries of the Ribes nigrum shrub. It is commonly used in beverages, confections, and nutritional supplements.
Kelp refers to large brown seaweeds from the order Laminariales, harvested for their natural iodine and alginate content. It is used in culinary, cosmetic, and nutritional applications.
Calcium is a mineral element essential for numerous biological functions. It plays a structural role in bones and teeth, where the majority of the body’s calcium is stored.
Lactobacillus salivarius is a species of probiotic bacteria naturally found in the mouth and gastrointestinal tract. It is often used in formulations aimed at supporting oral and digestive health.
Bacopa, also known as Brahmi, is an aquatic plant (Bacopa monnieri) native to wetlands.
Magnesium citrate is a compound of magnesium and citric acid, commonly used in dietary supplements. It is valued for its solubility and bioavailability.
Ginger rhizome is the underground stem of the Zingiber officinale plant. It is widely used as a spice and botanical ingredient in fresh, dried, or extract form.
Grapeseed is the seed of grapes, typically Vitis vinifera, and is often processed into oil or extract. It is used in food, cosmetic, and supplement applications.
Pomegranate is the fruit of the Punica granatum tree, valued for its juicy seeds and juice. It is used in beverages, culinary applications, and supplement ingredients.
Raspberry is the edible fruit of the Rubus idaeus plant, typically consumed fresh, dried, or as a puree or extract. It is also used for flavoring and colour in food products.
Strawberry is the fruit of the Fragaria × ananassa plant, widely consumed fresh or processed. It is also used in powdered or extract form for flavoring and supplementation.
Erythritol is a sugar alcohol used as a low-calorie sweetener. It occurs naturally in some fruits and is commonly produced via fermentation for commercial use.
Fennel seed is the dried seed of the Foeniculum vulgare plant, commonly used as a spice and in herbal products. It has a distinct anise-like flavor.
Bamboo extract is derived from various parts of the bamboo plant, often the shoots or leaves. It is commonly used in supplements as a source of silica.
Chamomile is a flowering herb from the Matricaria or Chamaemelum genus. Its dried flowers are typically used in herbal teas and botanical extracts.
Potassium is an essential mineral and electrolyte required for various physiological processes. It is one of the most abundant minerals in the human body, with most of it stored inside cells.
Copper is an essential trace mineral involved in various enzymatic functions. It is often added to supplements and fortified foods in forms such as copper gluconate or copper bisglycinate.
Alpha lipoic acid is an organosulfur compound derived from caprylic acid. It functions as a coenzyme in mitochondrial energy metabolism.
Angelica root comes from the Angelica archangelica plant, a member of the Apiaceae family. It is commonly used as a botanical ingredient in herbal preparations.
Panax ginseng is a root used in traditional East Asian practices, known for its use in tonics and extracts. It is typically processed into powder, capsules, or liquid forms.
Vitamin B9, or folate, is a water-soluble B vitamin required for DNA synthesis and cell division. It is included in supplements in natural or synthetic forms, such as folic acid.
Alfalfa grass (Medicago sativa) is a leguminous plant often harvested for its leaves and sprouts. It is commonly included in green powders and plant-based formulations.
Stevia is a natural sweetener extracted from the leaves of the Stevia rebaudiana plant. It is used as a sugar substitute in food and beverage products.
Cranberry is the fruit of the Vaccinium macrocarpon plant, typically consumed as juice, dried fruit, or extract. It is commonly used in foods, beverages, and dietary supplements.
Dermaval™ is a branded complex of fruit and vegetable extracts standardised for polyphenol content. It has been studied in vitro for its potential to modulate enzyme activity related to collagen and elastin breakdown, such as elastase.
Blackberry is the edible fruit of plants in the Rubus genus, widely consumed fresh or in processed forms. It is used in juices, preserves, and nutritional products.
Lemon is the citrus fruit of the Citrus limon tree, widely used for its juice, zest, and essential oils. It is commonly included in food, beverage, and flavoring applications.
Papaya is the fruit of the Carica papaya tree, consumed fresh or dried and often used in juices and supplements. The fruit and seeds may also be processed into powder or extract.
Lactobacillus rhamnosus is a well-researched probiotic strain commonly used in yoghurts and supplements. It is valued for its resilience and adaptability in the digestive tract.
Beta glucans are naturally occurring polysaccharides found in the cell walls of cereals, yeast, and fungi. They are commonly included in foods and supplements for their structural and stabilising properties.
Dandelion is a flowering plant of the Taraxacum genus, often used in herbal preparations. Various parts of the plant—including root and leaf—are used in dried or powdered form.
Lactobacillus casei is a probiotic bacterium used in fermented foods and dietary supplements. It is known for its ability to survive in a range of pH conditions.
Maqui is the small purple fruit of the Aristotelia chilensis tree, native to Chile and Argentina. It is commonly consumed as a powder or extract in food and beverage applications.
Cauliflower is a cruciferous vegetable from the Brassica oleracea species. It is used in a variety of culinary applications and sometimes dehydrated for use in health products.
Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol found in the skin of grapes, berries, and peanuts. It is commonly used in food supplements in purified or extract form.
Selenium is a trace mineral essential for various metabolic functions. It is included in supplements and fortified foods in forms such as sodium selenite or selenomethionine.
Mangosteen is a tropical fruit from the Garcinia mangostana tree, native to Southeast Asia. The rind and juice are often used in food and supplement products.
Spinach leaf is derived from the Spinacia oleracea plant, commonly consumed as a green leafy vegetable. It is also dried and processed for use in powders and nutritional blends.
Cocoa powder is made by grinding cocoa beans and removing most of the fat or cocoa butter. It is used as a flavoring ingredient in a variety of food products.
Vitamin K1, or phylloquinone, is a fat-soluble vitamin found in green leafy vegetables. It is primarily involved in the blood clotting process and is included in dietary supplements.
Iodine is a trace element essential for thyroid function and is often sourced from kelp (Ascophyllum nodosum or other seaweeds). It is used in fortified foods and supplements.
Vitamin D3, or cholecalciferol, is a fat-soluble vitamin produced in the skin upon sunlight exposure and used to support calcium regulation. It is commonly included in fortified foods and dietary supplements.
Jabuticaba is a tropical fruit native to Brazil, from the Plinia cauliflora tree. The fruit is typically consumed fresh or used in jellies, juices, and extracts.
Peppermint is a hybrid herb (Mentha × piperita) widely used for its aromatic leaves and essential oil. It is commonly found in teas, confections, and botanical preparations.
Parsley is a widely used culinary herb from the Petroselinum crispum plant. It is consumed fresh or dried and occasionally included in green food blends.
Oat grass is the young green shoots of the oat plant (Avena sativa), harvested before the grain develops. It is often included in green food powders and juice blends.
Oregano is a culinary and medicinal herb from the Origanum genus, commonly used dried or as an oil. It is valued for its strong aroma and flavor.
Kale is a leafy green vegetable from the Brassica oleracea species. It is consumed fresh or processed into powders and flakes for use in foods and supplements.
Psyllium husk is the outer layer of seeds from the Plantago ovata plant. It is used as a bulk-forming fibre in foods and supplements.
Lactococcus lactis is a bacterium used in the fermentation of dairy products such as cheese and buttermilk. It is also included in probiotic blends.
Rosehips are the fruit of the wild rose plant, most commonly Rosa canina. They are often dried and ground or processed into extracts for use in teas, supplements, and skincare.
Marigold flower typically refers to the Calendula officinalis or Tagetes species, known for their vibrant petals. It is used in topical preparations, teas, and supplements.
Probiotics are live microorganisms, typically bacteria or yeasts, that are administered in adequate amounts to confer a presence in the gut microbiota. They are commonly included in functional foods and dietary supplements.
Red marine algae refer to various red seaweed species, often used as sources of minerals and polysaccharides. They are included in nutritional supplements and cosmetic products.
Juniper berries are the seed cones of the Juniperus communis plant, commonly used as a spice and flavoring agent. They are also included in botanical and herbal formulations.
L-Glutamine is a naturally occurring amino acid found in protein-rich foods and synthesised by the body. It is commonly included in sports and wellness supplements.
Milk thistle is a flowering plant (Silybum marianum) whose seeds are commonly used in botanical extracts. It is often included in herbal supplement formulations.
Acerola is the fruit of the Malpighia emarginata shrub, known for its high natural content of vitamin C. It is typically processed into juice or powder for use in foods and beverages.
Shiitake is an edible mushroom (Lentinula edodes) native to East Asia and widely cultivated for culinary use. It is also included in powdered or extract form in dietary supplements.
Thaumatin is a naturally occurring sweet protein extracted from the fruit of the Thaumatococcus daniellii plant. It is used as a low-calorie sweetener and flavour modifier in foods and beverages.
Bromelain is a mixture of proteolytic enzymes derived from the stem and juice of pineapples (Ananas comosus). It is commonly used as a meat tenderiser and in enzyme-based supplements.
Broccoli sprouts are the young shoots of the Brassica oleracea plant harvested a few days after germination. They are often freeze-dried or powdered for use in functional foods and supplements.
Aniseed is the dried seed of the Pimpinella anisum plant. It is typically used as a spice or flavoring agent in foods and beverages.
Molasses is a thick, dark syrup produced as a by-product during the sugar extraction process from sugarcane or sugar beets. It is used as a sweetener and flavoring agent in foods.
Licorice root is derived from the Glycyrrhiza glabra plant and is used in confections and herbal products. It is often processed into powders or extracts.
Flaxseed is the seed of the Linum usitatissimum plant, commonly consumed whole, ground, or as oil. It is used in foods and nutritional supplements.
Dill is an aromatic herb from the Anethum graveolens plant, used for its seeds and leaves. It is utilised in culinary applications and herbal formulations.
Iron is a mineral required for various physiological processes and can be derived from plant sources such as pea protein isolate. It is typically included in supplements in bioavailable forms.
Zinc is an essential trace mineral involved in numerous enzymatic reactions and immune function. It is included in supplements in forms such as zinc gluconate, citrate, or picolinate.
Slippery elm bark comes from the inner bark of the Ulmus rubra tree. It is typically ground into a fine powder and used in herbal products.
Apple pectin is a type of soluble fibre found in the cell walls of apples. It is widely used as a gelling agent in food processing and dietary fibre in supplements.
Cocoa bean polyphenols are a group of naturally occurring compounds found in cocoa, including flavanols. They are typically standardised and used in extracts for food and supplement applications.
Vitamin E refers to a group of fat-soluble compounds, primarily tocopherols and tocotrienols, with antioxidant properties. It is added to foods, oils, and supplements.
Vitamin B1, also known as thiamine, is a water-soluble vitamin involved in energy metabolism. It is commonly included in multivitamin and fortified food products.
Carrot is the edible root of the Daucus carota plant, commonly consumed raw or cooked. It is also processed into juice or powder for use in food and supplement products.
Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is a water-soluble vitamin involved in energy production and cellular function. It is found in various food sources and added to supplements.
Apple fibre is a plant-derived fibre sourced from the pomace of apples after juice extraction. It is used in food products as a bulking agent and dietary fibre source.
Maitake is a type of edible mushroom (Grifola frondosa) traditionally used in cooking and supplements. It is often consumed in dried or extract form.
Blueberries are the berries of various Vaccinium species, known for their distinctive blue hue. They are consumed fresh, dried, or processed in food and beverage products.
Chervil is a delicate culinary herb from the Anthriscus cerefolium plant, related to parsley. It is primarily used fresh or dried for flavoring foods.
Acacia fibre is a soluble dietary fibre derived from the sap of the Acacia senegal tree. It is commonly used as a food additive and as a source of fibre.
Bifidobacterium bifidum is a species of beneficial bacteria commonly found in the human gastrointestinal tract. It is often included in probiotic supplements and functional foods.
Citric acid is a naturally occurring organic acid found in citrus fruits. It is widely used as a preservative, flavoring agent, and pH regulator in foods and beverages.
Spirulina is a blue-green microalga rich in protein and other nutrients. It is cultivated and processed into powders or tablets for use in supplements and functional foods.
Sage is a perennial herb from the Salvia officinalis plant, commonly used in cooking and herbal products. It is typically consumed dried or as an extract.
Globe artichoke is a thistle-like plant (Cynara scolymus) cultivated for its edible flower buds. Its leaves and extracts are also used in botanical supplements.
Astragalus refers to the root of Astragalus membranaceus, a legume native to Asia. It is commonly dried and used as a botanical ingredient in herbal products.
Thyme is an aromatic herb from the Thymus vulgaris plant, commonly used in cooking and herbal products. Its leaves and essential oil are used for flavouring and botanical formulations.
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a fat-soluble compound naturally present in human cells, particularly within mitochondria. It is commonly included in supplement formulations in ubiquinone or ubiquinol form.
Streptococcus thermophilus is a probiotic bacterium commonly used in the production of yoghurt and other fermented dairy products. It is also included in probiotic supplements
Barley grass leaf is harvested from the young leaves of the Hordeum vulgare plant before the grain forms. It is often used in green powders and juice blends.
Dunaliella salina is a type of halophilic microalga known for its high beta-carotene content. It is cultivated for use in natural colourants and dietary supplements.
Elderflower comes from the blossoms of the Sambucus nigra plant. It is often used as a flavouring agent in beverages and herbal infusions.
Wheatgrass is the young grass of the common wheat plant (Triticum aestivum), harvested before it reaches full maturity. It is consumed fresh or as juice, powder, or tablets.
Lactobacillus acidophilus is a species of lactic acid bacteria commonly found in the human gut and fermented dairy products. It is widely used in probiotic formulations.
Bifidobacterium lactis is a probiotic bacterium naturally present in the human gut. It is frequently included in fermented foods and dietary supplements to support the gut microbiota.
Chromium is a trace mineral that exists in several forms. It is naturally present in soil, water, and many foods in very small amounts.
Rosemary is an aromatic herb from the Salvia rosmarinus plant, used in culinary, cosmetic, and herbal preparations. Its leaves and essential oil are common ingredients in food and wellness products.
Acai refers to the small, dark purple fruit of the Euterpe oleracea palm native to Central and South America. It is typically consumed in puréed or freeze-dried form in food products.
Bilberry is the fruit of the Vaccinium myrtillus plant, native to Northern Europe. It resembles the blueberry and is typically dried or processed into extracts for use in supplements and food.
Chlorella is a single-celled green freshwater alga. Chlorella is often dried and milled into a fine powder for incorporation into various products.
Sunflower lecithin is a phospholipid-rich substance extracted from sunflower seeds. It is used as an emulsifier and dietary supplement ingredient.
Natural flavors refer to flavouring substances derived from plant or animal sources, used to enhance the taste of foods and beverages. They are regulated by food safety authorities to ensure they meet specific compositional criteria.
Lion’s mane is a culinary and medicinal mushroom (Hericium erinaceus) known for its distinctive appearance. It is typically consumed fresh, powdered, or in extract form.
Ashwagandha is a root extract derived from the Withania somnifera plant, traditionally used in Ayurvedic practices.
Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin necessary for red blood cell formation and neurological function. It is typically sourced from microbial fermentation for supplements.
Aronia juice is extracted from the berries of the Aronia melanocarpa plant, also known as chokeberry. It is used in beverages and food products for its deep colour and tart flavour.
Beetroot is the taproot portion of the Beta vulgaris plant, typically consumed as a vegetable or juice. It is also used in powdered form in supplements and natural colorants.
Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin involved in collagen synthesis and antioxidant functions. It is widely used in supplements and as a food preservative.
Vitamin B5, also called pantothenic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin necessary for synthesising coenzyme A.
Vitamin K2 refers to a group of compounds known as menaquinones, found in fermented foods and animal products. It is used in supplements, often in the MK-4 or MK-7 forms.
Rhodiola is a herb derived from the root of the Rhodiola rosea plant, native to cold regions of Europe and Asia. It is typically used in powdered or extract form in supplements.
Vitamin B6 is a water-soluble vitamin that includes several related compounds such as pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine. It is involved in amino acid metabolism and is commonly added to supplements and fortified foods.
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin important for various physiological functions. It is available in supplement form as retinol or carotenoid precursors.
Basil is a culinary herb from the Ocimum basilicum plant, belonging to the mint family. It is used both fresh and dried as a flavouring and aromatic component in food.
Manganese is an essential trace element involved in various enzymatic and metabolic processes. It is commonly added to multinutrient formulations and fortified foods.
Green tea is made from the unoxidised leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant. It is commonly consumed as a beverage and used in extracts for supplements.
Vitamin B7, also known as biotin, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for fatty acid synthesis and other metabolic functions. It is often included in multivitamin products and hair and skin formulations.
Goji berry is the fruit of the Lycium barbarum plant, traditionally dried and used in teas, snacks, and dietary supplements. It is native to Asia and has a bright red colour.
Magnesium gluconate is a magnesium salt of gluconic acid used to supplement magnesium intake. It is included in fortified foods and nutritional products.
Vitamin B3 refers to niacin and its derivatives, which are involved in metabolic pathways. It is available in nicotinic acid and nicotinamide forms in fortified foods and supplements.
Quercetin is a plant-derived flavonoid found in many fruits and vegetables. It is a naturally occurring flavonol, part of the broader polyphenol family of plant compounds.
Amla, also known as Indian gooseberry, is the fruit of the Phyllanthus emblica tree. It is traditionally dried or powdered for use in various food and supplement products.
Bifidobacterium longum is a lactic acid-producing bacterium found in the gastrointestinal tract. It is commonly used in probiotic formulations for its ability to colonise the intestines.
Bacillus coagulans is a spore-forming, lactic acid-producing bacterium commonly used as a probiotic. It is known for its ability to survive harsh stomach acid conditions, enabling it to reach the intestines where it can support gut health and immune function.
Gotu kola is a creeping herb (Centella asiatica) traditionally used in herbal preparations. It is commonly consumed as a tea, powder, or extract, with the leaves as the primary part used in preparations and are often dried before processing.
Digestive enzymes are biological catalysts that facilitate the breakdown of macronutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into smaller absorbable components. They are produced naturally in the human body and may also be sourced from plants, animals, or microbes for use in food and supplements.
